Dextromethorphan (sometimes
called "DXM" or "robo") is a cough-suppressing
ingredient in a variety of over-the-counter cold and
cough medications. Like PCP and ketamine,
dextromethorphan acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist.
The most common source of abused dextromethorphan is
"extra-strength" cough syrup, which typically contains
3 milligrams of the drug per milliliter of syrup. At
the doses recommended for treating coughs (1/6 to 1/3
ounce of medication, containing 15 mg to 30 mg
dextromethorphan), the drug is safe and effective. At
much higher doses (4 or more ounces), dextromethorphan
produces dissociative effects similar to those of PCP
and ketamine.
The effects vary with dose, and
dextromethorphan users describe a set of distinct
dose-dependent "plateaus" ranging from a mild
stimulant effect with distorted visual perceptions at
low (approximately 2-ounce) doses to a sense of
complete dissociation from one's body at doses of 10
ounces or more. The effects typically last for 6
hours. Over-the-counter medications that contain
dextromethorphan often contain antihistamine and
decongestant ingredients as well, and high doses of
these mixtures can seriously increase risks of
dextromethorphan abuse.
Toll Free:
888-800-8331
Source: The
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
